Wars of the Roses

The Wars of the Roses were a series of dynastic conflicts fought in England during the 15th century between the rival houses of Lancaster and York. Represented by the red and white roses, the two factions battled for control of the English throne. The wars involved powerful nobles, shifting alliances, political intrigue, and major battles that weakened the medieval monarchy. Key figures included Richard III and Henry Tudor, who ultimately became Henry VII after defeating Richard at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. The conflict ended with the rise of the Tudor dynasty, reshaping English politics and royal succession.